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KMID : 0358419700130070003
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Korean Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology
1970 Volume.13 No. 7 p.3 ~ p.9
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Comparison of Placental Dimensions in Normal Term and Intrauterine Growth-Retarded Infants
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李淑仁/Lee, Sook In
崔眞珠/崔應煥/玄椿/Choe, Jin Joo/choe, Eung Whan/Hyun, Chun
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Abstract
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The authors observed the placental dimensions in 162 cases of term deliveries during the period from April 1969 to June 1969 at the department of Obst. & Gynec. St. Mary´s Hospital. Based on the intrauterine weight chart of Lubchenco, it was found that 146 infants (90%) were normal term infants (N.T.I.) and 16(10%) were intraterine growth-retarded infants (I. U. G. R.I.).
The purpose of this investigation was to compare N.T.I. with I.U.G.R.I. in various placental measurements (placental weight, volume, decidual area, thickness and density,- umbilical cord length and diameter, umbilical vein diameter), placental coefficients, feto-placental weight ratios, and the relations of some of these data to infant weight. And in addition was made histopathelo
gical examination of the placenta in 69 cases out of the 162.
The results and conclusion were as follows:
1. Fetal body weight and length:
1). The mean birth weight of N.T.I. was 3, 326gm and it was significantly larger than 2,475 gin in I.U.G.R.I. (P<0.001).
2). The, mean, body length of N.T.1. was 50. 1cm and was significantly larger than 47.1cm in I.U.G.R.I. (P<0.001).
2. Placenta and cord:
1) . Placental weight, volume, decidual area, thickness, and density:
(1) The mean weight of placenta in N.T.I. was 464gm and it was heavier than 386gm in I.L.G.R.I. (P<0.001).
(2) The mean placental volume of the I.U.G.R.I., 386cm3, was significantly smaller than 462 cm3 in N.T.I. (P<0.001).
(3) The mean decidual area of the placenta of I.U.G.R.-L, 268cm7, was significantly smaller than 305cm2 in N.T.I. (P<0.025).
k4) The mean placental thickness in N.T.I., was ;.49cm. The difference in the mean placental
thickness between N.T.I. and I.U.G.RL, was not statistically significant.
(5) In both the groups of the infants, the placental volume in cubic centimeter was numeri
cally similar to the weight in gram. Density was therefore unity.
2}. Cord length and diameter, umbilical vein diameter:
(1) The mean length of umbilical cord of N.T.I., 54cm, was significantly larger than 50cm in I.U.G.R.I. (P<0.025).
(2) The mean cord diameter of N. T. L , and I. U. G . R. I. , were each 12.3cm, and 11.7cm.
There was no significant difference between the two groups.
(3) The diameter of the umbilical vein in N.T.I., and in I. U. G. R. I. , were 7.74mm and 7.21
mm respectively. The former was significantly larger than the latter. (P<0.05). 3. Fetal weight-placental weight:
1) The mean value of the placental coeficient in N.T.Z. was 0.140, which. was significantly smaller than in the I. U. G. R.I. , 0.156 (P<0.001).
2) The mean ratio of the birth weight to the placental weight in N.T.I. was 7.09, being significantly higher than in the I.U.G.R.I., 6.43. (P<0.001). 4. Correlations between the fetus and the placenta:
1) In N.T.I. the birth weight was directly related to placental weight, volume, decidual area, cord diameter and umbilical vein diameter, And no relation between birth weight and placental thickness could be found.
2) In I. U. G. R. I., the birth weight was directly related to placental volume, decidual area, and weight. It was not related to cord diameter, umbilical vein diameter.
3) Several cases of I. U. G. R. I. associated with severe toxemia of pregnancy had extremely small birth weight in spite of the placenta of absolutely normal dimensions. The histopathological examination of these placentas revealed numerous pathological changes(Fig 1-6). It suggests that the placental dysfunction due to toxemia of pregnancy may be one of influencing factors of fetal growth.
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